Having spread rapidly and widely over the last few decades, it is currently operational across several developing countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Micro-finance, aimed at lifting the poor out of poverty, is a predominant poverty alleviation strategy. Poverty alleviation strategies may be categorised into four types including community organisations based micro-financing, capability and social security, market-based, and good governance. According to Bhagwati and Panagariya, economic growth generates revenues required for expanding poverty alleviation programmes while enabling governments to spend on the basic necessities of the poor including healthcare, education, and housing. Studies from Africa, Brazil, China, Costa Rica, and Indonesia show that rapid economic growth lifted a significant number of poor people out of financial poverty between 19. Economic growth is one of the principal instruments for poverty alleviation and for pulling the poor out of poverty through productive employment. Development projects and poverty alleviation programmes all over the world are predominantly aimed at reducing poverty of the poor and vulnerable communities through various participatory and community-demand-driven approaches. “ Ending poverty in all its forms everywhere” is the first of the 17 sustainable development goals set by the United Nations with a pledge that no one will be left behind. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) also emphasises the capabilities’ approach for poverty measurement as propounded by Amartya Sen. Contemplating this dissimilarity between individuals’ incomes and their inabilities is significant since the conversion of actual incomes into actual capabilities differs with social settings and individual beliefs. Amartya Sen’s capability deprivation approach for poverty measurement, on the other hand, defines poverty as not merely a matter of actual income but an inability to acquire certain minimum capabilities. One can replicate the findings of this study by analyzing this weight matrix.įunding: The World Bank and the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of IndiaĬompeting interests: We hereby declare that none of the authors have any conflict of interest on this paper.Īlthough poverty is a multi-dimensional phenomenon, poverty levels are often measured using economic dimensions based on income and consumption. The aggregated condensed matrix (social cognitive map) is given in S1 Table. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files. Received: SeptemAccepted: DecemPublished: January 13, 2020Ĭopyright: © 2020 Singh, Chudasama. PLoS ONE 15(1):Įditor: Stefan Cristian Gherghina, The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, ROMANIA On the methodological front, the study enriches FCM literature in the areas of knowledge capture, sample adequacy, and robustness of the dynamic system model.Ĭitation: Singh PK, Chudasama H (2020) Evaluating poverty alleviation strategies in a developing country. Besides, the study offers policy implications for the design, management, and implementation of poverty eradication programmes. FCM-based simulations underscore the need for applying an integrated and multi-dimensional approach incorporating elements of various approaches for eradicating poverty, which happens to be a multi-dimensional phenomenon. Our findings confirm, to some degree, the complementarity of various approaches to poverty alleviation that need to be implemented simultaneously for a comprehensive poverty alleviation drive. It is through FCM-based simulations that the study evaluates the efficacy of existing poverty alleviation approaches, including community organisation based micro-financing, capability and social security, market-based and good governance. The present study identifies critical factors responsible for poverty alleviation in India with the aid of fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) deployed for showcasing causal reasoning. A slew of participatory and community-demand-driven approaches have emerged in order to address the multi-dimensional nature of poverty in developing nations.
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